Static Aberration Correction Technique in Adaptive Optical Systems Based on Wavefront Replication Method

Non-Common Path Aberration (NCPA), arising from the optical path difference between the wavefront sensing branch containing the wavefront sensor and the scientific imaging branch containing the science camera, is a fundamental limitation preventing Adaptive Optics (AO) systems from achieving diffraction-limited performance. Furthermore, static aberrations are introduced by optical elements within the common path of the AO system. To suppress the static aberration in the adaptive optics system, this paper introduces a technique based on wavefront phase template reproduction. The method employs a laser light source to generate an ideal wavefront pattern on the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor within the scientific imaging path, which serves as a reference wavefront. This reference wavefront is then used as the optimization target. Through an iterative optimization algorithm, control commands for the deformable mirror are generated to drive the scientific imaging path's wavefront to converge with the reference. Experimental results indicate that this technique robustly achieves global optimization, even in the presence of substantial initial static aberrations, enhancing the system's Strehl Ratio (SR) from 0.309 to 0.995 post-correction.