CSST积分视场光谱仪的自动化波长定标
Automated Wavelength Calibration of Space Integral Field Spectrograph of CSST
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摘要: 积分视场光谱仪(Integral Field Spectrograph, IFS)是中国空间站巡天空间望远镜(Chinese Space Survey Telescope, CSST)后端一台重要的科学仪器, 用于开展高空间分辨率的光谱观测. 在地面测试和未来的在轨运行中, 都需要对IFS进行波长定标, 以获得精确的检测结果和高质量的天文观测数据. IFS共有紫外和可见光2个观测波段, 其中可见光波段共有32个数据通道, 定标所用汞氩灯将在每个通道中产生近30条谱线, 传统的人工定标方法费时费力. 为了提高定标效率, 需要开发自动化的波长定标方法. 针对这一问题, 首先使用连通域分析方法对IFS二维数据进行自动光谱抽取, 得到所有通道的一维光谱; 接着使用粒子群优化结合高斯拟合寻峰的方法对光谱中的特征谱线进行自动识别, 并给出了算法的相关参数; 最后用5阶多项式拟合色散曲线. 利用该方法对IFS可见光波段全部32个通道进行波长定标, 定标精度(拟合残差均方根值)均优于0.35 Å, 满足精度要求, 实现了IFS波长定标的自动化流程.Abstract: The Integral Field Spectrograph (IFS) is an important scientific instrument on the Chinese Space Survey Telescope (CSST), and designed for high spatial resolution spectroscopic observations. During both the ground testing and future in-orbit operation, wavelength calibration for IFS is always required for precise test result and high-quality astronomical data. IFS has two observation bands, ultraviolet and visible, with the visible band containing 32 data channels, each of which has about 30 lines emitted by the Hg-Ar lamp used for calibration. Traditional manual method for calibration will be time-consuming and strenuous. To improve the efficiency of wavelength calibration, an automated wavelength calibration method must be developed. First, the 1D spectra of all IFS channels are automatically extracted from the 2D data using Connected Component Analysis (CCA). Then, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Gaussian fitting are applied to automatically identify the emission lines, meanwhile the parameters of PSO are given. Finally, the dispersion curve is fitted using a fifth-order polynomial. Implementing this method to all 32 channels in IFS visible band, the resulting calibration accuracy (root-mean-squre value of residual error) is better than 0.35 Å, meeting the accuracy requirement. This demonstrates that the automated wavelength calibration of IFS is achieved.
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